Solve $\frac{dy}{dx} = \cos(x + y) + \sin(x + y)$. |
$\ln|1 + \tan(\frac{x+y}{2})| = x + C$ $\ln|1 - \tan(\frac{x+y}{2})| = x + C$ $\tan(\frac{x+y}{2}) = x + C$ $\ln|1 + \tan(x+y)| = x + C$ |
$\ln|1 + \tan(\frac{x+y}{2})| = x + C$ |
The correct answer is Option (1) → $\ln|1 + \tan(\frac{x+y}{2})| = x + C$ ## Given, $\frac{dy}{dx} = \cos(x + y) + \sin(x + y) \quad \dots(i)$ Put $x + y = z ⇒1 + \frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{dz}{dx}$ On substituting these values in Eq. (i), we get $\left( \frac{dz}{dx} - 1 \right) = \cos z + \sin z \quad \left[ \frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{dz}{dx} - 1 \right]$ $⇒\frac{dz}{dx} = (\cos z + \sin z + 1)$ $⇒\frac{dz}{\cos z + \sin z + 1} = dx$ On integrating both sides, we get $\int \frac{dz}{\cos z + \sin z + 1} = \int 1 dx \quad \text{[using variable separable]}$ $⇒\int \frac{dz}{\frac{1 - \tan^2 z/2}{1 + \tan^2 z/2} + \frac{2 \tan z/2}{1 + \tan^2 z/2} + 1} = \int dx \quad \left[ ∵\cos 2\theta = \frac{1 - \tan^2 \theta}{1 + \tan^2 \theta} \right]$ $⇒\int \frac{dz}{\frac{1 - \tan^2 z/2 + 2 \tan z/2 + 1 + \tan^2 z/2}{(1 + \tan^2 z/2)}} = \int dx \quad \left[ \sin 2\theta = \frac{2 \tan \theta}{1 + \tan^2 \theta} \right]$ $⇒\int \frac{(1 + \tan^2 z/2) dz}{2 + 2 \tan z/2} = \int dx$ $⇒\int \frac{\sec^2 z/2 \, dz}{2(1 + \tan z/2)} = \int dx$ Put $1 + \tan z/2 = t ⇒\left( \frac{1}{2} \sec^2 z/2 \right) dz = dt$ $⇒\int \frac{dt}{t} = \int dx$ $⇒\log |t| = x + C \quad \left[ ∵t = 1 + \tan \frac{z}{2} \text{ and } z = x + y \right]$ $⇒\log |1 + \tan z/2| = x + C$ $⇒\log \left| 1 + \tan \frac{(x + y)}{2} \right| = x + C$ |