The hindrance presented by the material of the conductor to the smooth passing of electric current is known as:

Resistance

A conductor is an electrically conductive material that contains movable electric charges. The movable charged particles in metallic conductors like copper or aluminum are electrons, but they can also be ions or other positively charged species in other cases. Copper, Aluminium, Brass, Graphite, Gold, Brass, Bronze, and Steel are examples of conductive metals. Nonbonding interactions that influence the shape (conformation) and reactivity of ions and molecules are known as steric effects. Electronic effects, which determine the shape and reactivity of molecules, are complemented by steric effects. The way opposites attract and like charges repel results in structured groupings of molecules stabilized by steric repulsive forces between overlapping electron clouds. The resistance of a conductor's material to the smooth passage of an electric current is known as resistance. Resistance is encountered by an electron traveling through the wires and loads of the external circuit. The flow of charge is hampered by resistance. The journey of an electron from one terminal to the next is not a straight line. Rather, countless collisions with fixed atoms within the conducting material result in a zigzag path. The electrons run into resistance, which slows them down. Thus, The Hindrance Presented by the material of the conductor to the Smooth passing of electric current is known as Resistance.