The belief that individuals behave strangely is because their bodies and their brains are not working properly. This corresponds to the :-
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → Organic Approach
Option (1) Psychological Approach — Incorrect. The psychological approach holds that problems are caused by inadequacies in the way an individual thinks, feels, or perceives the world, not by a fault of the body or brain.
Option (2) Organic Approach — Correct. The belief that individuals behave strangely because their bodies and their brains are not working properly is the biological or organic approach. In the modern era there is evidence linking body and brain processes to many types of maladaptive behaviour.
Option (3) Organismic Approach — Incorrect. The organismic approach was developed by the philosopher-physicians of ancient Greece, such as Plato, and viewed disturbed behaviour as arising out of conflicts between emotion and reason.
Option (4) Demonology — Incorrect. Demonology, important in the Middle Ages, related to a belief that people with mental problems were evil; it is a supernatural explanation, not a bodily one.
NCERT (2025-26): “Historical Background … A recurring theme in the history of abnormal psychology is the belief that individuals behave strangely because their bodies and their brains are not working properly. This is the biological or organic approach. In the modern era, there is evidence that body and brain processes have been linked to many types of maladaptive behaviour. For certain types of disorders, correcting these defective biological processes results in improved functioning. Another approach is the psychological approach. According to this point of view, psychological problems are caused by inadequacies in the way an individual thinks, feels, or perceives the world.…” “Historical Background … In the ancient Western world, it was philosopher-physicians of ancient Greece such as Hippocrates, Socrates, and in particular Plato who developed the organismic approach and viewed disturbed behaviour as arising out of conflicts between emotion and reason.…” “Historical Background … In the Middle Ages, demonology and superstition gained renewed importance in the explanation of abnormal behaviour. Demonology related to a belief that people with mental problems were evil…” |