Megasporangium is equivalent to which of the following?

Ovule

The correct answer is Option (4) - Ovule

Explanation:

• In angiosperms, the megasporangium is the structure that produces megaspores, which develop into the female gametophyte (embryo sac).
• The megasporangium in seed plants is equivalent to the ovule, which contains:
• Nucellus (tissue that nourishes the developing embryo sac).
• Integuments (protective layers that develop into the seed coat after fertilization).
• Embryo sac (female gametophyte formed from the functional megaspore).

Other options:

Embryo sac – Incorrect, because the embryo sac is inside the megasporangium, but they are not the same.

Fruit – Incorrect, because the fruit develops from the ovary, not from the megasporangium.

Nucellus – Incorrect, because the nucellus is only part of the megasporangium that provides nutrition, but it is not equivalent to the whole structure.