How is tuberculosis spread in humans?

Droplet infection

The correct answer is Option (2)- Droplet infection

Tuberculosis is primarily spread in humans through droplet infection.

Explanation:

• Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
• The primary mode of transmission is through the inhalation of respiratory droplets containing the bacteria, which are expelled into the air when an infectious person coughs, sneezes, talks, or sings.
• When a person with active TB disease releases these respiratory droplets, individuals in close proximity can inhale the infectious aerosols, leading to the potential transmission of the bacteria.
• TB is not typically spread through direct touching, contact with soil, or inoculation into the skin. It is mainly an airborne infectious disease.

Preventive measures often include the use of respiratory precautions, such as wearing masks, proper ventilation, and early identification and treatment of individuals with active TB to reduce the risk of transmission.