Every morning Ravi gives his brain an extra boost. We're not talking about drinking strong cups of coffee or playing one of those mind-training video games advertised all over. “I jump into my stationary bike and cycle for 45 minutes to work,” says Ravi. “When I get to my desk, my brain is at peak activity for a few hours.” After his mental focus comes to a halt later in the day, he starts it with another short spell of cycling to be able to run errands.
Ride, work, ride, repeat. It is a scientifically proven system that describes some unexpected benefits of cycling. In a recent study in the Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, scientists found that people scored higher on tests of memory, reasoning, and planning after 30 minutes of spinning on a stationary bike than they did before they rode the bike. They also completed the tests faster after pedalling.
Exercise is like a fertilizer for your brain. All those hours spent on exercising your muscles, create rich capillary beds not only in leg and hip muscles, but also in your brain. More blood vessels in your brain and muscles mean more oxygen and nutrients to help them work. When you pedal, you also force more nerve cells to fire. The result: you double or triple the production of these cells-literally building your brain. You also release neurotransmitters (the messengers between your brain cells) so all those cells, new and old, can communicate with each other for better, faster functioning. That's a pretty profound benefit to cyclists.
This kind of growth is especially important with each passing birthday, because as we age, our brains shrink and those connections weaken. Exercise restores and protects the brain cells. Neuroscientists say, “Adults who exercise display sharper memory skills, higher concentration levels, more fluid thinking and greater problem-solving ability than those who are sedentary.”
From the passage, it may be concluded that as we age -
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → Our brain naturally shrinks and connections within the brain weaken.
The last paragraph says that as we age, our brains shrink and those connections weaken, which is why the growth brought by exercise matters more with each birthday.
Why the Other Options are Incorrect?
Option 1: Our body and mind become more dynamic and vital. — Incorrect. Contradicted: dynamic means full of energy. The passage says the opposite: with age the brain shrinks and weakens.
Option 2: We tend to become soulful. — Incorrect. Not mentioned: soulful means full of deep feeling. The passage speaks only of the brain and body, not of feelings.
Option 3: Our brain is stressed out, vitalizing our soul. — Incorrect. Not mentioned: vitalizing means giving life and energy. The passage says nothing about stress or the soul; the passage speaks of the brain shrinking.