Practicing Success

Target Exam

CUET

Subject

Political Science

Chapter

Politics in India Since Independence: India's External Relations

Question:

Match the following events in List 1 with the year associated with it in List 2

List 1 (Events) List 2 (Year)
(a) Janta party came to power and formed govt. (i) 1995
(b) India opposed the indefinite extension of the NPT (ii) 1973
(c) Arab-Israel War (iii) 1977
(d) Shimla Agreement between Indira Gandhi and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (iv) 1972
Options:

(a)–(iv), (b)–(i), (c)–(ii), (d)–(iii)

(a)–(iv), (b)–(ii), (c)–(i), (d)–(iii)

(a)–(iii), (b)–(i), (c)–(ii), (d)–(iv)

(a)–(i), (b)–(ii), (c)–(iv), (d)–(iii)

Correct Answer:

(a)–(iii), (b)–(i), (c)–(ii), (d)–(iv)

Explanation:

The Janata Party government that came to power in 1977 announced that it would follow genuine non-alignment. This implied that the pro-Soviet tilt in foreign policy will be corrected.

India has opposed the international treaties aimed at non-proliferation since they were selectively applicable to the non-nuclear powers and legitimized the monopoly of the five nuclear weapons powers. Thus, India opposed the indefinite extension of the NPT in 1995 and also refused to sign the  Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT).


The period when the nuclear test was conducted was a difficult period in domestic politics. Following the Arab-Israel War of 1973, the entire world was affected by the Oil Shock due to the massive hike in oil prices by the Arab nations. It led to economic turmoil in India resulting in high inflation.


After months of diplomatic tension and military build-up, a  full-scale war between India and Pakistan broke out in December  1971. Pakistani aircraft attacked Punjab and Rajasthan, while the army moved on the Jammu and Kashmir front. India retaliated with an attack involving the air force, navy, and army on both the  Western and the Eastern front. Welcomed and supported by the local population, the Indian army made rapid progress in East Pakistan. Within ten days the Indian army had surrounded Dhaka from three sides and the Pakistani army of about 90,000 had to surrender. With Bangladesh as a free country, India declared a unilateral ceasefire. Later, the signing of the Shimla Agreement between Indira Gandhi and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto on 3 July 1972 formalized the return of peace.