The correct answer is Option 1 - Communist Party of India
The First General elections of India:
The First General elections of India were conducted mainly in four months from October 1951 to February 1952.
It is referred to as the 1952 election as most parts of the country voted in January 1952.
Elections were competitive- there were on average more than four candidates for each seat.
Voting right was given on the basis of Universal Adult Franchise.
The Congress achieved a surprising victory in the first Lok Sabha election, winning 364 out of 489 seats, far surpassing any other political party. The opposition accepted the result.
The Communist Party of India secured the second-highest number of seats, but it only managed to win 16 seats. It emerged as the opposition party in the Lok Sabha.
The Communist Party of India (CPI):
In the early 1920s, communist groups emerged in different parts of India, inspired by the Bolshevik revolution in Russia and advocating socialism as a solution.
The CPI was formed on 26 December 1925.
Initially, the Indian communist movement aimed to end British rule in India.
From 1935, the Communists primarily worked within the Indian National Congress.
A split occurred in December 1941 when the Communists decided to support the British in their war against Nazi Germany.
The party questioned the nature of Indian independence, leading to violent uprisings in Telangana.
In 1951, the CPI abandoned the path of violent revolution and participated in the general elections, winning 16 seats and became the opposition party.
The CPI had concentrated support in Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Bihar, and Kerala.
A. K. Gopalan, S.A. Dange, P.C. Joshi, Ajay Ghosh, etc. were important communist leaders.
The CPI had a major split in 1964 due to ideological differences between the Soviet Union & China.
The pro-Soviet faction remained as the CPI, while the opponents formed the Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)). Both parties continue to exist today. |
