Answer the question on basis of passage given below:

Chloroform is a very useful solvent for oils, fats and waxes and many organic compounds. It can also be used for preserving biological specimens. Chloroform was used as a general anaesthetic in surgery for a long time but because of its toxic nature, it is no longer used these days.

Suggest a substitute for chloroform as a general anaesthetic:

Halothane \((CF_3CHCIBr)\)

The correct answer is option 4. Halothane \((CF_3CHCIBr)\).

Halothane, denoted by its chemical formula \(CF_3CHClBr\), is a volatile liquid inhalation anesthetic. It belongs to the class of halogenated hydrocarbon compounds and is used for general anesthesia in medical procedures.

Here's why halothane is considered a substitute for chloroform as a general anesthetic:

1. Anesthetic Properties: Like chloroform, halothane possesses anesthetic properties, meaning it can induce a state of unconsciousness and loss of sensation when inhaled. This makes it suitable for use in surgeries and medical procedures where general anesthesia is required.

2. Lower Hepatotoxicity: One of the significant drawbacks of chloroform is its hepatotoxicity, meaning it can cause damage to the liver. Halothane, on the other hand, is less hepatotoxic compared to chloroform, making it a safer alternative from this perspective. However, it's essential to note that halothane can still have adverse effects on the liver in some cases.

3. Reduced Respiratory Depression: Chloroform can cause respiratory depression, leading to breathing difficulties. Halothane has a lower potential for respiratory depression compared to chloroform, making it a preferred choice in clinical practice, especially for patients with respiratory issues.

4. Improved Safety Profile: Overall, halothane has a better safety profile compared to chloroform. It is less likely to cause adverse effects such as cardiac arrhythmias and malignant hyperthermia, which are potential risks associated with chloroform use.

Due to these factors, halothane emerged as a substitute for chloroform in general anesthesia practice, offering improved safety and efficacy while still providing the desired anesthetic effects. However, it's important to note that halothane, like any anesthetic agent, carries its own risks and should be administered under careful medical supervision.