Which among the following technique is used to produce Genetically modified (GM) crops ?

Recombinant DNA technology .

The technique used to produce genetically modified (GM) crops is Recombinant DNA technology.

Plants, bacteria, fungi and animals whose genes have been altered by manipulation are called Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO).

Recombinant DNA technology involves the insertion or modification of genes in an organism's genome, including plants, to introduce specific desired traits or characteristics. In the case of GM crops, this technology is used to insert genes from one organism into the genome of another to confer traits such as pest resistance, herbicide tolerance, improved nutritional content, or other advantageous characteristics.

Somatic hybridization and micropropagation are different techniques used in plant biotechnology but are not specifically employed to produce genetically modified crops. Somatic hybridization involves the fusion of protoplasts from different plant species to create hybrids, while micropropagation is a method used for rapidly multiplying plants from a single plant under sterile conditions. These techniques may not necessarily involve the genetic modification of the organism.