Match List-I with List-II
|
List-I Law/Property |
List-II Expression |
|
(A) Raoult's law |
(I) \( P_{total} = p_1 + p_2 \) |
|
(B) Dalton's law of partial pressures |
(II) \( p_1 = x_1p_1^0 \) |
|
(C) Henry's law |
(III) \( Π= CRT \) |
|
(D) Osmotic pressure |
(IV) \( p = K_Hx \) |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III)
The laws of solutions relate a pressure to a concentration term: the mole fraction in the vapour pressure laws and in Henry’s law, and the molar concentration in osmotic pressure.
(A) Raoult’s law — This matches (II) \( p_1 = x_1p_1^0 \). The partial vapour pressure of each volatile component equals its mole fraction in the solution times the vapour pressure of the pure component.
(B) Dalton’s law of partial pressures — This matches (I) \( P_{total} = p_1 + p_2 \). The total pressure over the solution is the sum of the partial pressures of the components.
(C) Henry’s law — This matches (IV) \( p = K_Hx \). The partial pressure of a gas over a solution is proportional to its mole fraction in the solution; KH is Henry’s law constant.
(D) Osmotic pressure — This matches (III) \( \Pi = CRT \). For a dilute solution the osmotic pressure is proportional to the molar concentration C and the temperature T.
Shortcut: Raoult’s law \( p_1 = x_1p_1^0 \) gives (A)-(II), found only in Option (2).