China used the market system without losing political commitment and succeeded in raising the level of growth along with alleviation of poverty. Unlike India and Pakistan, which are attempting to privatise their PSEs, China has used the market mechanisnm to create additional social and economic opportunities. By retaining collective ownership of the land and allowing individual to cultivate lands, China has ensured social security in rural areas.

Which of the following organisation had put pressure on China to introduce "Economic reforms" of 1978

Neither 1 nor 2

Chinese government was not under any pressure while introducing the reforms. Unlike India and Pakistan, where IMF and World Bank had put in pressure to take the initiative of introducing economic reforms.