Target Exam

CUET

Subject

History

Chapter

Ancient India: Bricks, Beads and Bones

Question:

Which statement is correct about Harappan seals?

A) They are made of a stone called carnelian
B) They depict scenes of rituals 
C) Harappan seals usually have a line of writing
D) The script on seals is undeciphered. 
E) In some seals 'proto-shiva' is depicted

Choose the correct answer from the given options:

Options:

A, B, C and D

B, C, D and E

A, B, C and E

A, B, D and E

Correct Answer:

B, C, D and E

Explanation:

The correct answer is Option 2 - B, C, D and E

Given Statements:

A) They are made of a stone called carnelian. (Incorrect)
B) They depict scenes of rituals 
C) Harappan seals usually have a line of writing
D) The script on seals are undeciphered. 
E) In some seals 'proto-shiva' is depicted.

Correction:

A) They are made of a stone called steatite.

The Harappan seals:

The Harappan seal  is possibly the most distinctive artefact of the Harappan or Indus valley civilisation. Made of a stone called steatite, seals often contain animal motifs and signs from a script that remains undeciphered. Yet we know a great deal about the lives of the people who lived in the region from what they left behind – their houses, pots, ornaments, tools and seals – in other words, from archaeological evidence.

Harappan seals usually have a line of writing, probably containing the name and title of the owner. Scholars have also suggested that the motif (generally an animal) conveyed a meaning to those who could not read. Most inscriptions are short, the longest containing about 26 signs. Although the script remains undeciphered to date, it was evidently not alphabetical (where each sign stands for a vowel or a consonant) as it has just too many signs – somewhere between 375 and 400. It is apparent that the script was written from right to left as some seals show a wider spacing on the right and cramping on the left, as if the engraver began working from the right and then ran out of space. Consider the variety of objects on which writing has been found: seals, copper tools, rims of jars, copper and terracotta tablets, jewellery, bone rods, even an ancient signboard! Remember, there may have been writing on perishable materials too.

Attempts have also been made to reconstruct religious beliefs and practices by examining seals, some of which seem to depict ritual scenes. Others, with plant motifs, are thought to indicate nature worship. Some animals – such as the one-horned animal, often called the “unicorn” – depicted on seals seem to be mythical, composite creatures. In some seals, a figure shown seated cross-legged in a “yogic” posture, sometimes surrounded by animals, has been regarded as a depiction of “proto-Shiva”, that is, an early form of one of the major deities of Hinduism. Besides, conical stone objects have been classified as lingas.