Identify the correct statements about growth of agricultural produce and technology.
A. Expansion of irrigation facilities enhanced agricultural output.
B. Introduction of modern agricultural technology includes HYV, fertilizers, pesticides, etc.
C. Availability of credit from various institutions and money lenders positively affected all borrowers of the country.
D. Initiation of the policy of liberalisation and free market economy influenced the development of Indian agriculture.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → A, B, D only
(A) Expansion of irrigation facilities enhanced agricultural output. — Correct. Expansion of irrigation raised agricultural output and provided the basis for modern farm technology.
(B) Introduction of modern agricultural technology includes HYV, fertilizers, pesticides, etc. — Correct. Modern technology means high yielding varieties of seeds, chemical fertilisers, pesticides and farm machinery.
(C) Availability of credit from various institutions and money lenders positively affected all borrowers of the country. — Incorrect. Small and marginal farmers took loans for costly inputs. Crop failures and low returns pushed many of them into indebtedness, so credit did not help all borrowers.
(D) Initiation of the policy of liberalisation and free market economy influenced the development of Indian agriculture. — Correct. The policy of liberalisation and free market economy in the 1990s changed the course of Indian agriculture.
NCERT (2026-27): “Expansion of irrigation has played a crucial role in enhancing agricultural output in the country. It provided basis for introduction of modern agricultural technology, such as high yielding varieties of seeds, chemical fertilisers, pesticides and farm machinery.” “Initiation of the policy of liberalisation and free market economy in 1990s influenced the course of development of Indian agriculture.” “Constraints of Financial Resources and Indebtedness The inputs of modern agriculture are very expensive. This resource intensive approach has become unmanageable for marginal and small farmers as they have very meagre or no saving to invest in agriculture. To tide over these difficulties, most of such farmers have resorted to availing credit from various institutions and moneylenders. Crop failures and low returns from agriculture have forced them to fall in the trap of indebtedness.” |