Read the case carefully and answer the question that follow :
Rahul turned 14 last month. He had a big birthday party and invited all his friends. He likes his school and friends in the society.
Rahul's father works in a big office and has been asked to shift from Delhi to Bangalore. This news has disturbed Rahul and he is showing erratic behaviour and has alienated himself from his friends.
He has frequent mood swings and also gets anxious everytime his parents try to talk about their life in Bangalore.
This news has also led Rahul to skip meals along with disturbed sleep patterns and poor academic performance. His parents don't know how to handle the situation and have been advised by Rahul's class teacher to see the school counsellor.
Match List - I with List - II.
| List - I | List - II | ||
| (A) | Emotional effects | (I) | Slowing down of digestive system |
| (B) | Physiological effects | (II) | Increased intake of stimulants |
| (C) | Cognitive effects | (III) | Decreasing confidence |
| (D) | Behavioural effects | (IV) | Faulty decisions |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → (A) - (III), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II)
Stress affects a person in four ways: emotional, physiological, cognitive and behavioural. Each item of List II is an example of one of them.
(A) Emotional effects — this matches (III) Decreasing confidence. A stressed person has mood swings and erratic behaviour that may alienate her/him from family and friends. This can start a vicious circle of decreasing confidence, leading to more serious emotional problems.
(B) Physiological effects — this matches (I) Slowing down of digestive system. Stress raises hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol, and the body changes with them: release of epinephrine and norepinephrine, slowing down of the digestive system, expansion of air passages, increased heart rate and constriction of blood vessels.
(C) Cognitive effects — this matches (IV) Faulty decisions. Continued pressure causes mental overload, and the person loses the ability to make sound decisions. Faulty decisions at home, in career or at the workplace follow, along with poor concentration and reduced short-term memory.
(D) Behavioural effects — this matches (II) Increased intake of stimulants. Stress shows in what a person does: eating less nutritional food, increasing intake of stimulants such as caffeine, more cigarettes, alcohol or tranquillisers, disrupted sleep and absence from work.
NCERT (2025-26): “Effects of Stress on Psychological Functioning and Health … Emotional Effects : Those who suffer from stress are far more likely to experience mood swings, and show erratic behaviour that may alienate them from family and friends. In some cases this can start a vicious circle of decreasing confidence, leading to more serious emotional problems.…” “…Physiological Effects : When the human body is placed under physical or psychological stress, it increases the production of certain hormones, such as adrenaline and cortisol. These hormones produce marked changes in heart rate, blood pressure levels, metabolism and physical activity.…” “…Examples of physiological effects are release of epinephrine and norepinephrine, slowing down of the digestive system, expansion of air passages in the lungs, increased heart rate, and constriction of blood vessels.…” “…Cognitive Effects : If pressures due to stress continue, one may suffer from mental overload. This suffering from high level of stress can rapidly cause individuals to lose their ability to make sound decisions. Faulty decisions made at home, in career, or at workplace may lead to arguments, failure, financial loss or even loss of job. Cognitive effects of stress are poor concentration, and reduced short-term memory capacity.…” “…Behavioural Effects : Stress affects our behaviour in the form of eating less nutritional food, increasing intake of stimulants such as caffeine, excessive consumption of cigarettes, alcohol and other drugs such as tranquillisers etc.…” |