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Foreign policy is always dictated by ideas of national interest. In the period after 1990, Russia, though it continues to be an important friend of India, has lost its global pre-eminence. Therefore, India’s foreign policy has shifted to a more pro-US strategy. Besides, the contemporary international situation is more influenced by economic interests than by military interests. This has also made an impact on India’s foreign policy choices. At the same time, Indo-Pakistan relations have witnessed many new developments during this period. While Kashmir continues to be the main issue between the two countries, there have been many efforts to restore normal relations. This means that cultural exchanges, movement of citizens and economic cooperation would be encouraged by both countries.

Why did the Kargil conflict between India and Pakistan attain worldwide attention?

Both India and Pakistan had attained nuclear capability then.

The correct answer is Option 3 - Both India and Pakistan had attained nuclear capability then.

In the early part of 1999 several points on the Indian side of the LoC in the Mashkoh, Dras, Kaksar  and Batalik areas were occupied by forces claiming to be Mujahideens. Suspecting involvement  of the Pakistan Army, Indian forces started reacting to this occupation. This led to a confrontation  between the two countries. This is known as the Kargil conflict. This conflict went on during May  and June 1999. By 26 July 1999, India had recovered control of many of the lost points. The Kargil  conflict drew attention worldwide for the reason that only one year prior to that, both India and  Pakistan had attained nuclear capability. However, this conflict remained confined only to the Kargil  region.