What is chloride of lime?

The correct answer is option 2. Calcium chloro hypochlorite.

Chloride of lime, also known as calcium chloro hypochlorite or bleaching powder, is a chemical compound with the formula Ca(OCl)₂. It is a mixture of calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)₂), calcium chloride (CaCl₂), and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂). The term "chloride of lime" is often used interchangeably with bleaching powder.

Here's an explanation of its composition and use:

1. Calcium Hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)₂):

This is the primary component responsible for the bleaching and disinfecting properties of the chloride of lime. It is a white, crystalline solid that contains the hypochlorite ion (OCl⁻). Calcium hypochlorite is a powerful oxidizing agent, and it releases chlorine gas when it reacts with acids.

2. Calcium Chloride (CaCl₂):

Calcium chloride is present as a secondary component in the chloride of lime. It contributes to the overall composition of the mixture.

3. Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂):

Calcium hydroxide, also known as slaked lime, is another component. It is formed during the manufacturing process and contributes to the overall alkalinity of the mixture.

4. Uses:

Chloride of lime is widely used for its disinfectant and bleaching properties. It is commonly employed for the bleaching of textiles, paper, and other materials. Additionally, it has been historically used as a disinfectant for water treatment and in various sanitation applications.

5. Disinfectant Properties:

The hypochlorite ions released by the chloride of lime have strong disinfectant properties, making it effective against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. This property has led to its use in water treatment, particularly for the disinfection of drinking water and swimming pool water.

6. Handling Precautions:

Due to the release of chlorine gas upon acidification, the chloride of lime should be handled with care to avoid accidental exposure to acids.

In summary, chloride of lime is a chemical mixture primarily composed of calcium hypochlorite, with additional components like calcium chloride and calcium hydroxide. It is valued for its bleaching and disinfecting properties and finds applications in various industries.