Match List – I with List – II.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

The correct answer is Option (2) → (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

A. Francis Crick proposed the Central dogma in molecular biology, which states that the genetic information flows from DNA →RNA →Protein

B. In 1953 James Watson and Francis Crick, based on the X-ray diffraction data produced by Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin, proposed a very simple but famous Double Helix model for the structure of DNA.

C. Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase conducted an experiment. In this Hershey and Chase experiment, they used the sulfur labeled proteins and phosphorous labeled DNA of the phage. These phages were then allowed to infect bacteria. It was observed that the DNA entered the bacterial cells and was therefore concluded to be the genetic material. The progeny of the phages that were labeled with radioactive phosphorus remained labeled whereas the progeny of the phages labeled with radioactive sulfur were unlabeled. This confirmed that DNA and not protein is the genetic material.

D. In 1928, Frederick Griffith, in a series of experiments with Streptococcus pneumoniae (bacterium responsible for pneumonia), witnessed a miraculous transformation in the bacteria. He concluded that the R strain bacteria had somehow been transformed by the heat-killed S strain bacteria. Some ‘transforming principle’, transferred from the heat-killed S strain, had enabled the R strain to synthesise a smooth polysaccharide coat and become virulent. This must be due to the transfer of the genetic material.