The correct answer is Option (4) → (C) and (D) only
(A) Globalisation has had a uniform impact on all states and societies. (Incorrect). The impact of globalization is vastly uneven. Some societies and parts of societies benefit more than others. For example, some sectors of a country's economy may thrive from foreign investment and exports, while other sectors, such as traditional industries, may suffer from competition.
(B) The impact of globalisation has been confined to the cultural sphere. (Incorrect). Globalization is a multidimensional concept that has political, economic, and cultural consequences. It influences international relations, national economies, and cultural practices simultaneously.
(C) Globalisation has been uneven in its impact on all states and societies. (Correct). The effects of globalization are not uniform. The same policies can lead to different outcomes in different countries. Some countries and communities have benefited greatly from economic integration and technological advances, while others have experienced increased inequality and social disruption.
(D) Globalisation results in erosion of state capacity with the increased role of multinational companies. (Correct). The rise of powerful multinational corporations and international institutions can limit the ability of governments to make decisions on their own. States may be pressured to adopt policies that favor these external actors, such as lowering taxes or relaxing labor and environmental regulations, which can reduce the state's capacity to provide social welfare and regulate its economy. |
