Match List-I with List-II

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II)

The correct answer is Option (2) → (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II)

Common (trivial) names of aldehydes and ketones often describe structure informally, while IUPAC names follow systematic rules based on the longest carbon chain, position of functional groups, and substituents.

Option-wise Explanation

(A) Diisopropyl ketone → (III) 2,4-Dimethylpentan-3-one Diisopropyl ketone has two isopropyl groups attached to a carbonyl carbon. Expanding the structure gives a 5-carbon chain with the ketone at C-3 and methyl groups at C-2 and C-4 → 2,4 dimethylpentan-3-one.

(B) Isobutyraldehyde → (I) 2-Methylpropanal “Isobutyl” indicates a branched 4-carbon structure. Writing it out gives (CH₃)₂CH-CHO, which corresponds to a 3-carbon chain aldehyde with a methyl substituent at C-2 → 2-methylpropanal.

(C) Phthaldehyde → (IV) Benzene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde “Phthal-” refers to ortho-disubstitution on benzene. Phthaldehyde has two –CHO groups at adjacent positions on a benzene ring → benzene-1,2-dicarbaldehyde.

(D) Acrolein → (II) Prop-2-enal Acrolein is the common name of the simplest α,β-unsaturated aldehyde CH₂=CH–CHO. Its IUPAC name is prop-2-enal (double bond at C-2, aldehyde at C-1).