Read the passage and answer the question:
When Buddhism spread to East Asia, pilgrims such as Fa Xian and Xuan Zang travelled all the way from China to India in search of texts. These they took back to their own country, where they were translated by scholars. Indian Buddhist teachers also travelled to faraway places, carrying texts to disseminate the teachings of the Buddha. Buddhist texts were preserved in manuscripts for several centuries in monasteries in different parts of Asia. Modern translations have been prepared from Pali, Sanskrit, Chinese and Tibetan texts.
How were Buddhist texts popularised in China?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → The Buddhist texts were translated into Chinese.
Option (1) Children read them. — Incorrect. The passage says nothing about children. It speaks of pilgrims who carried the texts and scholars who translated them.
Option (2) The Buddhist texts were translated into Chinese. — Correct. Pilgrims such as Fa Xian and Xuan Zang took the texts back to their own country, China, where they were translated by scholars. Translation made the texts readable for the people of China.
Option (3) Buddhist texts were modernised. — Incorrect. The texts were not rewritten in a new form. They were preserved in manuscripts for several centuries; only in modern times have translations been prepared from them.
Option (4) Buddhist texts were not translated. — Incorrect. This is the opposite of what the passage says: the texts taken to China were translated by scholars.
NCERT: Themes in Indian History Part I — Chapter 4: Thinkers, Beliefs and Buildings (2026-27)
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