Assertion:. World population exploded in the seventeenth century after the Industrial Revolution.
Reasoning: Technological advancement helped in the reduction of death rate and provided a stage for accelerated population growth.

Assertion (A) is not true but Reasoning (R) is correct.

The correct answer is Option 4: Assertion (A) is not true but Reasoning (R) is correct.

Assertion:. World population exploded in the seventeenth century after the Industrial Revolution. This is incorrect. World population exploded in the eighteenth century after the Industrial Revolution.

Reasoning: Technological advancement helped in the reduction of death rate and provided a stage for accelerated population growth. This is true because advancements in medicine, sanitation, and agriculture led to a decrease in mortality rates, particularly infant mortality, and increased life expectancy, contributing to population growth.