Match List - I with List - II.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(II), (D)-(IV)

The correct answer is Option (2) → (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(II), (D)-(IV)

A. The regions outside the seminiferous tubules called interstitial spaces, contain small blood vessels and interstitial cells or Leydig cells. Leydig cells synthesise and secrete testicular hormones called androgens.

B. The placenta facilitate the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the embryo and also removal of carbon dioxide and excretory/waste materials produced by the embryo. The placenta is connected to the embryo through an umbilical cord which helps in the transport of substances to and from the embryo. Placenta also acts as an endocrine tissue and produces several hormones like human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), human placental lactogen (hPL), estrogens, progestogens, etc.

C. The corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine structure that forms in the ovary from the remnants of the ovarian follicle after ovulation. Its primary function is to produce progesterone, a hormone crucial for preparing and maintaining the uterine lining for potential implantation of a fertilized egg (embryo). If fertilization occurs, the corpus luteum continues to produce progesterone to support early pregnancy until the placenta takes over this function. If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum regresses, leading to a decrease in progesterone production and triggering the start of a new menstrual cycle.

D. Parturition is induced by a complex neuroendocrine mechanism. The signals for parturition originate from the fully developed foetus and the placenta which induce mild uterine contractions called foetal ejection reflex. This triggers release of oxytocin from the maternal pituitary. Oxytocin acts on the uterine muscle and causes stronger uterine contractions,