The correct answer is Option 3 - Part IV-A
Fundamental Duties are a set of moral obligations and responsibilities that are enshrined in Part IV-A (Article 51A) of the Indian Constitution. These duties were added by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee.
There are originally ten Fundamental Duties listed in Article 51A. However, the 86th Amendment Act, 2002, added a new duty, making it a total of eleven duties.
The 11 Fundamental Duties mentioned in the Constitution are:
1) To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.
2) To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom.
3) To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
4) To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
5) To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
6) To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
7) To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures.
8) To develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
9) To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
10) To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement.
11) Duty of all parents/guardians to send their children in the age group of 6-14 years to school. |
