Match List-I with List-II

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(1) (A)-(IV), (B)-(II), (C)-(I), (D)-(III)
(2) (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(II), (D)-(IV)
(3) (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)
(4) (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III)

3

The Buddha (and other teachers) taught orally – through discussion and debate. Men and women (perhaps children as well) attended these discourses and discussed what they heard. None of the Buddha’s speeches were written down during his lifetime. After his death ( c. fifth-fourth century BCE) his teachings were compiled by his disciples at a council of “elders” or senior monks at Vesali (Pali for Vaishali in present-day Bihar). These compilations were known as Tipitaka – literally, three baskets to hold different types of texts. They were first transmitted orally and then written and classified according to length as well as subject matter. The Vinaya Pitaka included rules and regulations for those who joined the sangha (monks or nuns) or monastic order; the Buddha’s teachings were included in the Sutta Pitaka; and the Abhidhamma Pitaka dealt with philosophical matters. Each Pitaka comprised a number of individual texts. Later, commentaries were written on these texts by Buddhist scholars.

As Buddhism expanded to new regions like Sri Lanka, additional texts were written, including the Dipavamsa (the chronicle of the island) and the Mahavamsa (the great chronicle), encompassing regional histories of Buddhism and biographies of the Buddha. Some of the earliest texts were composed in Pali, while later works were in Sanskrit.