The correct answer is option 2. Transition metals.
Transition metals form effective catalysts.
Transition metals and their compounds are widely used as catalysts in various chemical reactions due to their unique properties, including variable oxidation states, ability to form complexes, and surface reactivity. These metals often have partially filled d-orbitals, which allow them to readily participate in redox reactions and interact with reactant molecules.
Some common transition metals used as catalysts include platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, and nickel. These metals and their compounds are employed in catalytic processes such as hydrogenation, oxidation, hydroformylation, and polymerization reactions in industries ranging from petrochemicals to pharmaceuticals. Their effectiveness as catalysts stems from their ability to adsorb reactant molecules onto their surfaces, facilitate bond-breaking and formation processes, and accelerate reaction rates without being consumed in the reaction. |
