Which one of the following hormones is responsible for ovulation?

The correct answer is Option (1) → Luteinizing hormone

Option (1) Luteinizing hormone — Correct. Luteinizing hormone is LH, one of the two gonadotropins (LH and FSH) of the pituitary. Its level rises to a peak in the middle of the cycle. This mid-cycle LH surge makes the Graafian follicle rupture and release the ovum, which is ovulation.

Option (2) Estrogen — Incorrect. Estrogen is made by the growing follicles in the follicular phase and rebuilds the endometrium. It does not itself release the ovum.

Option (3) Progesterone — Incorrect. Progesterone comes from the corpus luteum, after ovulation, and keeps the endometrium ready for implantation.

Option (4) Follicle stimulating hormone — Incorrect. FSH also peaks mid-cycle, but its job is to make the follicles grow. The rupture of the follicle is brought about by the LH surge.

Note: A similar question was also asked in CUET (UG) 2026 on 20-05-2026 (Slot 1).

NCERT Extract:
Menstrual Cycle – “… The menstrual phase is followed by the follicular phase. During this phase, the primary follicles in the ovary grow to become a fully mature Graafian follicle and simultaneously the endometrium of uterus regenerates through proliferation. These changes in the ovary and the uterus are induced by changes in the levels of pituitary and ovarian hormones (Figure 2.9). The secretion of gonadotropins (LH and FSH) increases gradually during the follicular phase, and stimulates follicular development as well as secretion of estrogens by the growing follicles. Both LH and FSH attain a peak level in the middle of cycle (about 14th day). Rapid secretion of LH leading to its maximum level during the mid-cycle called LH surge induces rupture of Graafian follicle and thereby the release of ovum (ovulation).”