The reaction in which an amide is treated with bromine in presence of ethanolic solution of sodium hydroxide is called
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → Hoffmann bromamide degradation reaction
An amide treated with bromine and an aqueous or ethanolic solution of sodium hydroxide gives a primary amine with one carbon atom less. The alkyl or aryl group migrates from the carbonyl carbon to nitrogen, and the carbon is lost as carbonate. This is the Hoffmann bromamide degradation reaction:
\( \ce{R-CONH2} \) + \( \ce{Br2} \) + 4NaOH → \( \ce{R-NH2} \) + \( \ce{Na2CO3} \) + 2NaBr + \( \ce{2H2O} \)
NCERT (2026-27 edition):
Hoffmann Bromamide Degradation Reaction – “Hoffmann developed a method for preparation of primary amines by treating an amide with bromine in an aqueous or ethanolic solution of sodium hydroxide. In this degradation reaction, migration of an alkyl or aryl group takes place from carbonyl carbon of the amide to the nitrogen atom. The amine so formed contains one carbon less than that present in the amide.”