Gemmules are the asexual structures of:

The correct answer is Option (4) → Sponges

Option (4) Sponges — Correct. Sponges reproduce asexually by forming gemmules: small groups of cells inside a protective coat that can grow into a new sponge.

Note: This question is from Chapter 1, Reproduction in Organisms, of the pre-rationalised NCERT book. This chapter is not in the present NCERT book (2026-27). The extract below is from the pre-rationalised edition.

NCERT Extract (Pre-rationalised edition, Chapter 1, Reproduction in Organisms):
Asexual Reproduction – “… Members of the Kingdom Fungi and simple plants such as algae reproduce through special asexual reproductive structures (Figure 1.3). The most common of these structures are zoospores that usually are microscopic motile structures. Other common asexual reproductive structures are conidia (Penicillium), buds (Hydra) and gemmules (sponge).”