The commercial carbon resistor has four colour rings such as yellow,…

The correct answer is Option (1) → \( (45\times10^{3}\pm10\%)\,\Omega \)

In the colour code of a carbon resistor the first two rings give the first two digits of the value, the third ring is the multiplier (power of ten), and the fourth ring is the tolerance. The ring nearest to the end is read first.

    Yellow = 4 (first digit)
    Green = 5 (second digit)
    Orange = \( 10^{3} \) (multiplier)
    Silver = \( \pm10\% \) (tolerance; gold would be \( \pm5\% \))

    \( R = (45\times10^{3}\pm10\%)\,\Omega \)

Note: This question is from the pre-rationalised NCERT book (2022-23). The topic was removed from the latest NCERT book (2026-27), and it also appears to be out of the CUET 2026 syllabus.

NCERT (Pre-rationalised edition, 2022-23):
Resistivity of Various Materials – “… Carbon resistors are small in size and hence their values are given using a colour code. … The first two bands from the end indicate the first two significant figures of the resistance in ohms. The third band indicates the decimal multiplier (as listed in Table 3.2). The last band stands for tolerance or possible variation in percentage about the indicated values.”