The process of converting a precipitate into colloidal sol is known as

Peptization

The correct answer is Option (2) → Peptization.

Peptization is the process of converting a precipitate into a colloidal sol by adding a suitable electrolyte. The electrolyte, known as the peptizing agent, breaks down the precipitate into colloidal-sized particles, allowing it to disperse into a colloidal solution.

How Peptization Works:

When an electrolyte is added to the precipitate, the ions from the electrolyte adsorb onto the surface of the precipitate particles.

This creates a charge on the particles, preventing them from aggregating and allowing them to remain dispersed in the solution as colloidal particles.

Other Terms:

Coagulation: The process of destabilizing a colloidal sol, leading to the aggregation of colloidal particles into a precipitate.

Colloidal dispersion: Refers to a system where colloidal particles are dispersed in a continuous medium, but this term is not specifically linked to the conversion of a precipitate into a colloid.

Electrophoresis: The movement of colloidal particles under the influence of an electric field, used for separating or analyzing colloids based on their charge.

Thus, the correct term for the conversion of a precipitate into a colloidal sol is Peptization.