Match List - I with List - II.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 

(A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I)

The correct answer is Option (2) → (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I)

A. Pollination by water is quite rare in flowering plants and is limited to about 30 genera, mostly monocotyledons.  Some examples of water pollinated plants are Vallisneria and Hydrilla which grow in fresh water and several marine sea-grasses such as Zostera. Not all aquatic plants use water for pollination. In a majority of aquatic plants such as water hyacinth and water lily, the flowers emerge above the level of water and are pollinated by insects or wind as in most of the land plants.

B. Some plants such as Viola (common pansy), Oxalis, and Commelina produce two types of flowers – chasmogamous flowers which are similar to flowers of other species with exposed anthers and stigma, and cleistogamous flowers which do not open at all.

C. Wind pollination is a common form of abiotic pollination. It requires light and non-sticky pollen grains that can be carried by wind currents. A familiar example of wind pollination is observed in corn, where the tassels represent the stigma and style that wave in the wind to trap pollen grains.

D. Majority of flowering plants use a range of animals as pollinating agents. Bees, butterflies, flies, beetles, wasps, ants, moths, birds (sunbirds and humming birds) and bats are the common pollinating agents. Among the animals, insects, particularly bees are the dominant biotic pollinating agents.