A uniform electric field of \( 16\,\mathrm{N\,C^{-1}} \) exists in the vertically downward direction. The increase in electric potential as one goes up through a height of 75 cm.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → 12 V
The electric potential decreases in the direction of the field, so it increases as one moves against the field. For a uniform field, the potential difference over a displacement \( d \) along the field line is \( |\Delta V| = Ed \). Here the field points down, so going up is moving against the field.
\( \Delta V = Ed = 16\,\mathrm{N\,C^{-1}}\times0.75\,\mathrm{m} = +12\,\mathrm{V} \)
The height is converted to metres (75 cm = 0.75 m), and the sign is positive: the potential rises by 12 V.