Which of the following are forms of complex permanent tissues?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → Xylem and Phloem
Permanent tissues in plants are of two kinds. Simple permanent tissues are made of one type of cell; complex permanent tissues are made of more than one type of cell working together. Xylem (tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma and xylem fibres) carries water and minerals, and phloem (sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma and phloem fibres) carries food. Both are complex tissues.
Why the other options are incorrect
Option (1) Meristem and Parenchyma — Incorrect. Meristem is the dividing (meristematic) tissue, not a permanent one, and parenchyma is a simple permanent tissue.
Option (2) Collenchyma and Chlorenchyma — Incorrect. Collenchyma is a simple permanent tissue, and chlorenchyma is parenchyma that contains chloroplasts.
Option (3) Sclerenchyma and Aerenchyma — Incorrect. Sclerenchyma is a simple permanent tissue, and aerenchyma is parenchyma with large air spaces, found in water plants.