Which of the following statement is/are NOT true in respect of human settlements?

Urban settlements specializes only in tertiary activities.

The correct answer is Option 4: Urban settlements specialized mainly in tertiary activities. 

Option 1: “The process of settlement inherently involves grouping of people and apportioning of territory as their resource base.” This statement is correct because settlements develop when people group together and use land and resources for their livelihood and activities.

Option 2: “Rural and urban settlements differ in terms of social relationship, attitude and outlook.” This statement is correct because rural and urban settlements have different lifestyles, occupations, social relations and outlook.

Option 3: “With size, the economic character and social structure of settlements changes.” This statement is correct because as settlements increase in size, their economy, occupations and social structure also change.

Option 4: “Urban settlements specializes only in tertiary activities.” This statement is not true because urban settlements are associated with both secondary and tertiary activities, not only tertiary activities. 

NCERT: The process of settlement inherently involves grouping of people and apportioning of territory as their resource base. Settlements vary in size and type. They range from a hamlet to metropolitan cities. With size, the economic character and social structure of settlements changes and so do its ecology and technology. Settlements could be small and sparsely spaced; they may also be large and closely spaced. The sparsely located small settlements are called villages, specialising in agriculture or other primary activities. On the other hand, there are fewer but larger settlements which are termed urban settlements specializing in secondary and tertiary activities.