Who among the following is credited with the invention of the printing press?

Johann Gutenberg

The correct answer is Option (2) - Johann Gutenberg

The first modern mass media institution began with the development of the printing press. Although the history of print in certain societies dates back to many centuries, the first attempts at printing books using modern technologies began in Europe. This technique was first developed by Johann Gutenberg in 1440. Initial attempts at printing were restricted to religious books.