To get the ratio p : q (for p is not equal to q) one has to add a number to each term of the ratio x : y, then the number is:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
\(\frac{x + r}{y + r}\) = \(\frac{p}{q}\)
⇒ q(x + r) = p(y +r)
⇒ qx + qr = py + pr
⇒ qr - pr = py - qx
⇒ r(q - p) = py - qx
⇒ r = \(\frac{py - qx}{q - p}\)