Naina learnt from the elder sister, by watching the way she behaved in various social settings. This technique of learning is known as ______.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → Modeling
Option (1) Token economy — Incorrect. In a token economy a person gets a token every time a wanted behaviour occurs, to be exchanged later for a reward. Naina receives no tokens; she learns by watching.
Option (2) Modeling — Correct. Modelling is the procedure in which a person learns to behave in a certain way by observing the behaviour of a role model. It uses vicarious learning, learning by observing others. Naina’s elder sister is her role model, and Naina picks up her ways of behaving in social settings.
Option (3) Rational emotional therapy — Incorrect. Albert Ellis’s rational emotive therapy (RET) replaces irrational beliefs that stand between an event and its consequences. It works on a person’s beliefs, not on copying someone’s behaviour.
Option (4) Relaxation therapy — Incorrect. Relaxation procedures such as progressive muscular relaxation and meditation reduce anxiety and arousal. They teach the body to calm down, not new social behaviour.
NCERT (2025-26): “Behaviour Therapy … Modelling is the procedure wherein the client learns to behave in a certain way by observing the behaviour of a role model or the therapist who initially acts as the role model. Vicarious learning, i.e. learning by observing others, is used and through a process of rewarding small changes in the behaviour, the client gradually learns to acquire the behaviour of the model.…” |