Target Exam

CUET

Subject

Political Science

Chapter

Contemporary World Politics: Environment and Natural Resources

Question:

Arrange the following Global Environmental Initiative in ascending order.

A. Publication of a book entitled "Limits to Growth"
B. Brundtland Report
C. Antarctic Treaty
D. Antarctic Environmental Protocol

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Options:

C, A, B, D

C, D, B, A

C, A, D, B

B, A, C, D

Correct Answer:

C, A, B, D

Explanation:

The correct answer is Option 1 - C, A, B, D

C. Antarctic Treaty - 1959
A. Publication of a book entitled "Limits to Growth" - 1972
B. Brundtland Report - 1987
D. Antarctic Environmental Protocol - 1991

Explanation:

Cooperation over the global commons is not easy. There have been many path-breaking agreements such as the 1959 Antarctic Treaty, the 1987 Montreal Protocol, and the 1991 Antarctic Environmental Protocol. A major problem underlying all ecological issues relates to the difficulty of achieving consensus on common environmental agendas on the basis of vague scientific evidence and time frames. In that sense the discovery of the ozone hole over the Antarctic in the mid-1980s revealed the opportunity as well as dangers inherent in tackling global environmental problems.

Although environmental concerns have a long history, awareness of the environmental consequences of economic growth acquired an increasingly political character from the 1960s onwards. The Club of Rome, a global think tank, published a book in 1972 entitled Limits to Growth dramatising the potential depletion of the Earth’s resources against the backdrop of rapidly growing world population. International agencies, including the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), began holding international conferences and promoting detailed studies to get a more coordinated and effective response to environmental problems. Since then, the environment has emerged as a significant issue of global politics.

The growing focus on environmental issues within the arena of global politics was firmly consolidated at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in June 1992. This was also called the Earth Summit. The summit was attended by 170 states, thousands of NGOs and many multinational corporations. Five years earlier, the 1987 Brundtland Report, Our Common Future, had warned that traditional patterns of economic growth were not sustainable in the long term, especially in view of the demands of the South for further industrial development.