Read the following passage and answer question.

Directing refers to the process of instructing, guiding. counselling, motivating and leading people in the organisation to achieve its objectives. Directing is a managerial process which takes place throughout the life of the organisation irrespective of people occupying managerial positions. In the organisation every individual effort contributes to the organisational performance. Thus it ensures that the individual work for organisational goals.

One of the principle of Directing emphasises that directing techniques must help every individual in the organisation to contribute to his maximum potential for achievement of organisational objectives. In the organisation different techniques are used to motivate people such as pay, bonus, promotion, recognitions, praise, responsibility etc. and also different financial incentives are used. Under one of such incentive schemes employees are offered company shares at a predetermined price which is lower than market price.

"One of the principle of Directing emphasis that directing technique must help every individual in the organisation to contribute to his maximum potential for achievement of organisational goal".

Identify the principle of Directing being reflected above.

Maximum individual contribution

The correct answer is option (3)- Maximum individual contribution.

Maximum individual contribution is highlighted in the given statement.

Maximum individual contribution: This principle emphasises that directing techniques must help every individual in the organisation to contribute to his maximum potential for achievement of organisational objectives. It should bring out untappted energies of employees for the efficiency of organisation. For example, a good motivation plan with suitable monetary and non-monetary rewards can motivate an employee to contribute his maximum efforts for the organisation as he or she may feel that their efforts will bring them suitable rewards.

OTHER OPTIONS

• Harmony of objectives: Very often, we find that individual objectives of employees and the organisational objectives as understood are conflicting to each other. For example, an employee may expect attractive salary and monetary benefits to fulfill his personal needs. The organisation may expect employees to improve productivity to achieve expected profits. But, good directing should provide harmony by convincing that employee rewards and work efficiency are complimentary to each other.

• Unity of Command: This principle insists that a person in the organisation should receive instructions from one superior only. If instructions are received from more than one, it creates confusion, conflict and disorder in the organisation. Adherence to this principle ensures effective direction.

• Follow through: Mere giving of an order is not sufficient. Managers should follow it up by reviewing continuously whether orders are being implemented accordingly or any problems are being encountered. If necessary, suitable modifications should be made in the directions.