Practicing Success

Target Exam

CUET

Subject

Biology

Chapter

Biotechnology and its Applications

Question:

Read the passage and answer the following questions :

The Green Revolution successfully increased food production by threefold, but it still couldn't meet the demand of the growing human population. The increased yields were primarily attributed to the use of improved crop varieties, better management practices, and the application of agrochemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides. However, farmers in the developing world often find agrochemicals too expensive, and further improvements in yield using conventional breeding methods become challenging.To address the limitations of traditional breeding techniques, scientists developed a technology called tissue culture. Tissue culture involves the regeneration of whole plants from small plant parts (explants) that are grown in a controlled environment, such as a test tube, with specific nutrient media. This ability of explants to regenerate into whole plants is known as totipotency. The nutrient medium used in tissue culture contains carbon sources like sucrose, inorganic salts, vitamins, amino acids, and growth regulators like auxins and cytokinins. By utilizing tissue culture techniques, a large number of plants can be propagated rapidly and efficiently, a process known as micro-propagation. These plants are genetically identical to the original plant from which the explants were obtained, making them somaclones. Many important food plants, such as tomato, banana, and apple, have been commercially produced using tissue culture. Another significant application of tissue culture is the recovery of healthy plants from diseased ones. Even if a plant is infected with a virus, the meristem (apical and axillary) regions remain free of the virus. Scientists can remove the virus-free meristem and grow it in vitro to obtain virus-free plants

 

The Green Revolution succeeded in tripling the food supply mainly due to:

 

Options:

Improved crop varieties

Better management practices

Use of agrochemicals (fertilizers and pesticides)

All of the above

Correct Answer:

All of the above

Explanation:

(a) Improved crop varieties

(b) Better management practices

(c) Use of agrochemicals (fertilizers and pesticides)

(d) All of the above is the correct option .

Explanation:

The Green Revolution's success in tripling the food supply can be attributed to a combination of factors, including the use of improved crop varieties, better management practices, and the widespread adoption of agrochemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides. These three factors worked synergistically to increase agricultural productivity, leading to a significant increase in food production. Improved crop varieties were developed through conventional breeding and genetic improvement, while better management practices helped optimize farming techniques. Agrochemicals provided essential nutrients to the crops and protected them from pests and diseases, leading to higher yields and increased food production.