Practicing Success
Haloarenes undergo the usual electrophilic reactions of the benzene ring such as halogenation, nitration, sulphonation and Friedel-Crafts reactions. Halogen atom besides being slightly deactivating is o, p-directing; therefore, further substitution occurs at ortho- and para-positions with respect to the halogen atom. The o, p-directing influence of halogen atom can be easily understood if we consider the resonating structures of halobenzene as shown:
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Which of the following is the necessary condition for desulphonation? |
Remove volatile hydrocarbon by steam distillation Low concentration of water High concentration of sulphonating agent A large excess of fuming sulphuric acid |
Remove volatile hydrocarbon by steam distillation |
The necessary condition for desulphonation is to use dilute acid, high concentration of water and remove volatile hydrocarbon by steam distillation. |