Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): In the first phase of the green revolution (approximately mid-1960s up to mid-1970s), the HYV technology spread to a larger number of states and benefited more variety of crops.
Reason (R): The farmers who could benefit from HYV seeds required reliable irrigation facilities as well as the financial resources to purchase fertiliser and pesticide.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → (A) is false but (R) is true.
Assertion (A): In the first phase of the green revolution (approximately mid-1960s up to mid-1970s), the HYV technology spread to a larger number of states and benefited more variety of crops. — False. The spread to more states and crops came in the second phase (mid-1970s to mid-1980s). In the first phase, HYV seeds were restricted to affluent states and mainly to wheat.
Reason (R): The farmers who could benefit from HYV seeds required reliable irrigation facilities as well as the financial resources to purchase fertiliser and pesticide. — True. HYV seeds needed water, fertiliser and pesticide, which cost money.
NCERT (2026-27): “2.3 Agriculture … The farmers who could benefit from HYV seeds required reliable irrigation facilities as well as the financial resources to purchase fertiliser and pesticide. As a result, in the first phase of the green revolution (approximately mid 1960s upto mid 1970s), the use of HYV seeds was restricted to the more affluent states such as Punjab, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Further, the use of HYV seeds primarily benefited the wheat-growing regions only. In the second phase of the green revolution (mid-1970s to mid-1980s), the HYV technology spread to a larger number of states and benefited more variety of crops. …” |