Read the passage and answer the following.

Microbes are organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye. They include bacteria, archaea, protists, viruses, prions, and fungi. They account for most of the diversity of life on earth. Far more microbes inhabit a single person's body than there are people on the entire planet. Microbes also dominate in terms of their ability to live and thrive in extreme environments, including clouds, deep-sea volcanoes, springs, ice caps, and animal intestines. Most animals, including humans, exhibit numerous associations with microbes. Our "human microbiome" includes our skin, hair, mouth, and gut.

Match List - I with List - II.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

The correct answer is Option (4) → (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

A. Biogas is a mixture of gases (containing predominantly methane) produced by the microbial activity and which may be used as fuel.  However, certain bacteria, which grow anaerobically on cellulosic material, produce large amount of methane along with CO₂ and H₂. These bacteria are collectively called methanogens, and one such common bacterium is Methanobacterium. These bacteria are commonly found in the anaerobic sludge during sewage treatment. These bacteria are also present in the rumen (a part of stomach) of cattle.

B. The production of curd from milk is a common example of the beneficial role of LAB (Lactic Acid Bacteria). When milk is exposed to LAB, such as Lactobacillus and other lactic acid bacteria, they grow and metabolize the milk components. During their growth, these bacteria produce lactic acid, which leads to the coagulation and partial digestion of the milk proteins.

C.Different varieties of cheese are known by their characteristic texture, flavour and taste, the specificity coming from the microbes used.For example, the large holes in ‘Swiss cheese’ are due to production of a large amount of CO₂ by a bacterium named Propionibacterium sharmanii.

D. Microbes especially yeasts have been used from time immemorial for the production of beverages like wine, beer, whisky, brandy or rum. For this purpose the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used for fermenting malted cereals and fruit juices, to produce ethanol.