There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark your answer as per the options given below.

Assertion: Management is an all pervasive function.
Reasoning: Management is required in every organisation small or big.

Both Assertion (A) and reasoning (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

Option 1: Both Assertion (A) and reasoning (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

Here's why:

• Assertion (A): Management is indeed an all-pervasive function. This means it's present and important throughout all parts and levels of an organization. It's not limited to a specific department or level of hierarchy.
• Reasoning (R): The reasoning states that "Management is required in every organization, small or big." This reasoning provides support for the assertion by highlighting that management is indeed necessary in every organization, irrespective of its size. It emphasizes that even small organizations require management to effectively utilize their resources, achieve their objectives, and ensure smooth operations. The fact that management is required in every organization, big or small, strengthens the idea of its pervasive nature. Regardless of the size or complexity of an organization, core management functions like planning, organizing, staffing, directing, controlling, etc., are always necessary. Therefore, the reasoning provides a valid explanation for why management is considered an all-pervasive function.

"The activities involved in managing an enterprise are common to all organisations whether economic, social or political. A petrol pump needs to be managed as much as a hospital or a school. What managers do in India, the USA, Germany or Japan is the same. How they do it may be quite different. This difference is due to the differences in culture, tradition and history."