Abdur Razzaq, was greatly impressed by the unique features of Vijayanagara's fortification.
Choose the features of Vijayanagara's fort:
(A) Eight lines of forts were constructed
(B) No mortar was used in construction
(C) The stone blocks were wedge shaped
(D) Circular bastions and pyramids were there in forts
(E) The fortification did not enclose agricultural tracts
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → (B) and (C) only
Abdur Razzaq, the ambassador of the ruler of Persia, was greatly impressed by the great fortress walls of Vijayanagara.
(A) Eight lines of forts were constructed Incorrect. Abdur Razzaq mentioned seven lines of forts, not eight.
(B) No mortar was used in construction Correct. No mortar or cementing agent was used anywhere in the massive masonry walls.
(C) The stone blocks were wedge shaped Correct. The stone blocks were wedge shaped, which held them in place; the inner part of the walls was earth packed with rubble.
(D) Circular bastions and pyramids were there in forts Incorrect. The bastions were square or rectangular and projected outwards; there were no pyramids.
(E) The fortification did not enclose agricultural tracts Incorrect. The most significant feature of the fortification was that it did enclose agricultural tracts; Abdur Razzaq saw cultivated fields, gardens and houses between the first, second and third walls.
NCERT (2026-27): “3.2 Fortifications and roads … Abdur Razzaq, an ambassador sent by the ruler of Persia to Calicut (present-day Kozhikode) in the fifteenth century, was greatly impressed by the fortifications, and mentioned seven lines of forts. These encircled not only the city but also its agricultural hinterland and forests. The outermost wall linked the hills surrounding the city. The massive masonry construction was slightly tapered. No mortar or cementing agent was employed anywhere in the construction. The stone blocks were wedge shaped, which held them in place, and the inner portion of the walls was of earth packed with rubble. Square or rectangular bastions projected outwards. What was most significant about this fortification is that it enclosed agricultural tracts.…” |