Identify the correct statements:
A. Mahatma Gandhi was fighting against the apartheid system while he was in South Africa.
B. After Gandhiji's return to India, his first public appearance and speech was in Champaran.
C. Rowlatt Satyagraha in 1922.
D. Chauri-Chaura incident in 1922.
E. Civil Disobedience started in 1925.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → A, D only
A. Mahatma Gandhi was fighting against the apartheid system while he was in South Africa. Correct statement. Gandhi spent two decades in South Africa, where he became a leader of the Indian community and first forged the techniques of non-violent protest known as satyagraha.
B. After Gandhiji’s return to India, his first public appearance and speech was in Champaran. Incorrect statement. His first major public appearance was at the opening of the Banaras Hindu University in February 1916. He went to Champaran only in 1917.
C. Rowlatt Satyagraha in 1922. Incorrect statement. The Rowlatt Satyagraha took place in March-April 1919.
D. Chauri-Chaura incident in 1922. Correct statement. In February 1922, a group of peasants attacked and torched a police station in the hamlet of Chauri Chaura.
E. Civil Disobedience started in 1925. Incorrect statement. The Civil Disobedience Movement began in 1930, with the Dandi March.
Note: The question is not properly framed in statement A. The word ‘apartheid’ is not used in NCERT (2026-27). It is the name of the system of racial segregation that South Africa made its official policy only in 1948, long after Gandhi had returned to India in 1915. What Gandhi led in South Africa was the struggle of the Indian community against racial discrimination, which NTA has probably meant by ‘apartheid’. Since statements B, C and E are plainly incorrect and D is correct, statement A is taken as correct, as per the NTA answer key.
NCERT (2026-27): “1. A Leader Announces Himself … In January 1915, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi returned to his homeland after two decades of residence abroad. These years had been spent for the most part in South Africa, where he went as a lawyer, and in time became a leader of the Indian community in that territory. As the historian Chandran Devanesan has remarked, South Africa was ‘the making of the Mahatma’. It was in South Africa that Mahatma Gandhi first forged the distinctive techniques of non-violent protest known as satyagraha, first promoted harmony between religions, and first alerted upper-caste Indians to their discriminatory treatment of low castes and women.… 1. A Leader Announces Himself … On Gokhale’s advice, Gandhiji spent a year travelling around British India, getting to know the land and its peoples. His first major public appearance was at the opening of the Banaras Hindu University (BHU) in February 1916.… 2.1 Knitting a popular movement … Then, in February 1922, a group of peasants attacked and torched a police station in the hamlet of Chauri Chaura, in the United Provinces (now, Uttar Pradesh and Uttaranchal). Several constables perished in the conflagration.…” |