Practicing Success
Read the passage and answer the following question. Historically, states have tried to establish and enhance their political legitimacy through nation- building strategies. They sought to secure... the loyalty and obedience of their citizens through policies of assimilating or integration. Attaining these objectives was not easy, especially in a context of cultural diversity where citizens, in addition to their identifications with their country, might also feel a strong sense of identify with their community-ethic, religious, linguistic and so on. Most states feared that the recognition of such difference would lead to social fragmentation and prevent the creation of a harmonious society. In short, such identity politics was considered a threat to state unity. In addition, accommodating these differences is politically challenging so many states have resorted to either suppressing these diverse identities or ignoring them on the political domain. Policies of assimilation-often involving outright suppression of the identities of ethnic, religious or linguistic groups-try to erode the cultural differences between groups. Policies of integration seek to assert a single national identity by attempting to eliminate ethno-national and cultural differences from the public and political arena, while allowing them in the private domain. Both sets of policies assume a singular national identity. Assimilationist and integrationist strategies try to establish singular national identities through various interventions like :
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Assimilationist and Integrationist strategies may be understood as : |
Policies that assume singular national identities by overriding variations within populations. Policies that allows divergent cultures of the population. Policies that allows multiculturalism Policies that allow minority protection |
Policies that assume singular national identities by overriding variations within populations. |
The correct answer is Option (1) - Policies that assume singular national identities by overriding variations within populations. Assimilationist and integrationist strategies aim to establish a single, homogeneous national identity by suppressing or eliminating cultural, linguistic, or ethnic differences within a population. These policies prioritize creating a unified identity often based on the dominant group's culture, language, or traditions, thus overriding variations within the population. |