Match List-I with List-II:

The correct answer is Option (3)- A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

A nematode Meloidegyne incognitia infects the roots of tobacco plants and causes a great reduction in yield. A novel strategy was adopted to prevent this infestation which was based on the process of RNA interference (RNAi).Using Agrobacterium vectors, nematode-specific genes were introduced into the host plant . The introduction of DNA was such that it produced both sense and anti-sense RNA in the host cells. These two RNA’s being complementary to each other formed a double stranded (dsRNA) that initiated RNAi and thus, silenced the specific mRNA of the nematode.

α-I antitrypsin - This is a protease inhibitor and its deficiency leads to emphysema due to the degradation of the lung tissue. Therefore, α-I antitrypsin corresponds to Emphysema.

Using Agrobacterium vectors, nematode-specific genes were introduced into the host plant. The introduction of DNA was such that it produced both sense and anti-sense RNA in the host cells.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a bacterium that produces proteins called Bt toxins, which are toxic to certain insects. Specific Bt toxin genes were isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis and incorporated into the several crop plants such as cotton .
The choice of genes depends upon the crop and the targeted pest, as most Bt toxins are insect-group specific. The toxin is coded by a gene cryIAc named cry.