Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Per capita income of India does not give a complete picture of economic growth of the country.
Reason (R): Per capita income of a country is not independent of the size of its population.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
Assertion (A): Per capita income of India does not give a complete picture of economic growth of the country. True. Per capita income is an average: it does not show how income is shared among people, so a rising average can hide poverty and inequality, and it says nothing about health, education or other parts of well-being.
Reason (R): Per capita income of a country is not independent of the size of its population. True. Per capita income = national income ÷ population, so for the same national income a larger population gives a smaller per capita income.
The Reason does not explain the Assertion: R only states how per capita income is worked out. The picture is incomplete because an average hides how income is distributed and leaves out other measures of welfare, not because the population figure enters the calculation.